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Herd Immunity
Herd Immunity Handout from April 2025
April 2025

Herd Immunity: Do Vaccine Products Deliver?

  1. Influenza Virus: Immunity and Vaccination Strategies. Comparison of the Immune Response to Inactivated and Live, Attenuated Influenza Vaccines - Cox - 2004 - Scandinavian Journal of Immunology

    onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01382.x

     

  2. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in the community and the household

    europepmc.org/article/PMC/3693492

     

  3. Increased Risk of Noninfluenza Respiratory Virus Infections Associated with Receipt of Inactivated Influenza Vaccine

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3404712
    ​

  4. Acellular pertussis vaccines protect against disease but fail to prevent infection and transmission in a nonhuman primate model

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24277828
    ​

  5. CDC: About Tetanus

    cdc.gov/tetanus/about/index.html

     

  6. Systematic review of mucosal immunity induced by oral and inactivated poliovirus vaccines against virus shedding following oral poliovirus challenge

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22532797
    ​

  7. Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine in Cuba

    nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa054960

     

  8. ​Effectiveness of a Third Dose of MMR Vaccine for Mumps Outbreak

    nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1703309
    ​

  9. Environmental factors potentially associated with mumps transmission in yeshivas during a mumps outbreak among highly vaccinated students: Brooklyn, New York, 2009-2010

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23442590

     

  10. Scientists Sue Merck Alleging MMR Vaccine Efficacy Fraud

    ahrp.org/former-merck-scientists-sue-merck-alleging-mmr-vaccine-efficacy-fraud

    ​​

  11. Explosive school-based measles outbreak: intense exposure may have resulted in high risk, even among re-vaccinees

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9850133
    ​

  12. The future of measles in highly immunized populations, a modeling approach

    academic.oup.com/aje/article-abstract/120/1/39/98627​

     

  13. The Re-Emergence of Measles in Developed Countries: Time to Develop the Next-Generation Measles Vaccines? 

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3905323

     

  14. Junk Science Week: Vaccinating the 'herd'

    business.financialpost.com/fp-comment/junk-science-week-vaccinating-the-herd
    ​

  15. Difficulties in Eliminating Measles and Controlling Rubella and Mumps: A Cross-Sectional Study of a First Measles and Rubella Vaccination and a Second Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccination

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3930734

     

  16. Waning of Maternal Antibodies Against Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella in Communities with Contrasting Vaccination Coverage

    academic.oup.com/jid/article-abstract/208/1/10/796786?redirectedFrom=fulltext

     

  17. Scientists pinpoint mutations responsible for ineffectiveness of 2014-2015 flu vaccine

    sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/06/150625130251
    ​

  18. Unexpectedly limited durability of immunity following acellular pertussis vaccination in preadolescents in a North America outbreak

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22423127
    ​

  19. 2013 Measles Outbreak: A failing vaccine, not a Failure to vaccinate

    greenmedinfo.com/blog/2013-measles-outbreak-failing-vaccine-not-failure-vaccinate1

     

  20. Failure to reach the goal of measles elimination. Apparent paradox of measles infections in immunized persons

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8053748
    ​

  21. Tdap Vaccine Effectiveness in Adolescents During the 2012 Washington State Pertussis Epidemic

    publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article-abstract/135/6/981/75791/Tdap-Vaccine-Effectiveness-in-Adolescents-During

     

  22. Difficulties in Eliminating Measles and Controlling Rubella and Mumps: A Cross-Sectional Study of a First Measles and Rubella Vaccination and a Second Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccination

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3930734
    ​

  23. Waning of Maternal Antibodies Against Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella in Communities With Contrasting Vaccination Coverage

    academic.oup.com/jid/article-abstract/208/1/10/796786

     

  24. Scientists pinpoint mutations responsible for ineffectiveness of 2014-2015 flu vaccine

    sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/06/150625130251

    ​

  25. Tdap Vaccine Effectiveness in Adolescents During the 2012 Washington State Pertussis Epidemic

    publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article-abstract/135/6/981/75791/Tdap-Vaccine-Effectiveness-in-Adolescents-During

     

  26. ​Influenza vaccine effectiveness in the community and the household

    pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23413420

     

  27. Increased risk of noninfluenza respiratory virus infections associated with receipt of inactivated influenza vaccine

    pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22423139

     

  28. ​Association between the 2008-09 seasonal influenza vaccine and pandemic H1N1 illness during Spring-Summer 2009: four observational studies from Canada

    pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20386731

     

  29. Infection of mice with a human influenza A/H3N2 virus induces protective immunity against lethal infection with influenza A/H5N1 virus

    pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19538996
    ​

  30. Comparison of VAERS fetal-loss reports during three consecutive influenza seasons

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3888271

     

  31. Acellular pertussis vaccines protect against disease but fail to prevent infection and transmission in a nonhuman primate model

    pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24277828

     

  32. ​Mild measles and secondary vaccine failure during a sustained outbreak in a highly vaccinated population

    pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2278542
    ​

  33. CDC: Causes of Tetanus and How It Spreads

    cdc.gov/tetanus/causes/index.html

     

  34. ​Acellular pertussis vaccines protect against disease but fail to prevent infection and transmission in a nonhuman primate model

    pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24277828

     

  35. ​Vaccine waning and mumps re-emergence in the United States 
    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5899613

     

  36. Former Merck Scientists Sue Merck Alleging MMR Vaccine Efficacy Fraud – Alliance for Human Research Protection

    ahrp.org/former-merck-scientists-sue-merck-alleging-mmr-vaccine-efficacy-fraud

     

  37. Civil Action No. 10-4374, Relators Stephen A. Krahling and Joan A. Wlochowski (“Plaintiffs”) bring this qui tam action in accordance with the False Claims Act (“FCA”), pursuant to 31 U.S.C. §§ 3729-33.  Relators allege that their former employer, Defendant Merck & Co., Inc. (“Merck”) fraudulently misled the government and omitted, concealed, and adulterated material information regarding the efficacy of its mumps vaccine in violation of the FCA. 

    rescuepost.com/files/59-opinion.pdf

     

  38. Merck Has Some Explaining To Do Over Its MMR Vaccine Claims

    huffpost.com/archive/ca/entry/merck-has-some-explaining-to-do-over-its-mmr-vaccine-claims_b_5881914

     

  39. ​The Re-Emergence of Measles in Developed Countries: Time to Develop the Next-Generation Measles Vaccines?

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3905323

     

  40. CDC: ​About Hepatitis B

    cdc.gov/hepatitis-b/about/index.html

    ​

  41. Infectious virus in exhaled breath of symptomatic seasonal influenza cases from a college community

    pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1716561115

     

  42. Loss of Vaccine-Induced Immunity to Varicella over Time

    nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa064040

     

  43. Successes and Challenges in Varicella Vaccine

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3991154

     

  44. ​Vaccine Types according to HHS.gov

    hhs.gov/immunization/basics/types/index.html

     

COVID-19
COVID - WYNTK.PNG
May 2023

COVID-19 Vaccine - What You Should Know

  1. Doshi P. Will covid-19 vaccines save lives? Current trials aren’t designed to tell us. 
    bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4037
     

  2. Haseltine WA. Covid-19 vaccine protocols reveal that trials are designed to suc- ceed. Forbes, September 23, 2020. 
    forbes.com/sites/williamhasel- tine/2020/09/23/covid-19-vaccine-protocols-reveal-that-trials-are- designed-to-suc- ceed
     

  3. Brownstein D, Ng R, Rowen R et al. A novel approach to treating COVID-19 using nutritional and oxidative therapies. Science, Public Health Policy, and the Law 2020;2:4-22
    ozonewithoutborders.ngo/wp-content/ uploads/2020/07/Novel-Approach-to- Covid-19.pdf
     

  4. Jackson LA, Anderson EJ, Rouphael NG et al. An mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 – preliminary report. New England Journal of Medicine. 
    nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2022483
     

  5. Allen A, Szabo L. NIH “very concerned” about serious side effect in coronavirus vaccine trial. Scientific American, September 15, 2020.
    scientificamerican.com/ article/nih-very-concerned-about-serious-side-effect-in- coronavirus-vaccine-trial
     

  6. Mayer A. Leading COVID vaccine candidates plagued by safety concerns. The Defender, November 13, 2020
    childrenshealthdefense.org/defender/covid-vaccine-can- didates-safety-concerns
     

  7. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee, October 22, 2020 Meeting Presentation, slide #16
    green- medinfo.com/blog/covid-19-vaccine-bombshell-fda- documents-reveal-death-21-seri- ous-conditions-possi1
     

  8. Reals T. U.K. warns against giving Pfizer vaccine to people prone to severe allergic reactions. CBS News, December 9, 2020
    cbsnews.com/amp/news/ covid-vaccine-pfizer-shot-uk-warning-people-with- history-of-significant-allergic-reactions
     

  9. fda.gov/media/144245/download   page 42
     

  10. Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act. COVID-19 PREP Act Declarations
    phe.gov/Preparedness/legal/prepact
     

  11. Lyons-Weiler J. Pathogenic priming likely contributes to serious and critical illness and mortality in COVID-19 via autoimmunity. Journal of Translational Autoimmunity.
    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7142689
     

  12. Khemlani A. Fauci: Early COVID-19 vaccines will only prevent symptoms, not block the virus. Yahoo! Finance, October 26, 2020
    finance.yahoo.com/news/fauci-vaccines-will-only-prevent-symptoms-not-block-the-virus-195051568.html
     

  13. Scipioni J. Dr. Fauci says masks, social distancing will still be needed after a Covid-19 vaccine—here’s why. CNBC, November 16, 2020
    cnbc.com/2020/11/16/ fauci-why-still-need-masks-social-distancing-after-covid-19-vaccine.html
     

  14. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. COVID-19 pandemic planning scenarios. Updated September 10, 2020
    cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/planning-scenarios.html
     

  15. Petition/motion for administrative/regulatory action regarding confirmation of efficacy end points and use of data in connection with the following clinical trials. Dr. Wolfgang Wodarg and Dr. Michael Yeadon, petitioners. Filed with European Medicines Agency, December 1, 2020
    healthimpactnews.com/wp- content/uploads/ sites/2/2020/12/Wodarg_Yeadon_EMA_Petition_Pfizer_Trial_FINAL_01DEC2020_ EN_unsigned_with_Exhibits.pdf
     

  16. AMA, Ethics, Informed Consent 
    ama-assn.org/delivering-care/ethics/informed-consent
     

  17. Int J Clin Pract. 2020 Oct 28 : e13795., PDF 
    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7645850/pdf/IJCP-9999-e13795.pdf
     

  18. Front. Microbiol., 05 December 2018 
    frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02991
     

  19. PNAS.org April 14, 2020 117 (15) 8218-8221 
    pnas.org/content/117/15/8218
     

  20. JCI Insight February 21, 2019 
    insight.jci.org/articles/view/123158

     

Schedule
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Schedule-2019-PostCard2.PNG
August 2019

Vaccine Schedule Comparison Post Card

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